py-14-regex-engine

# Backtracking regex matcher

Implement a file **`solution.py`** containing a function `fullmatch` that decides
whether a regular expression matches a string. You must implement the matching
yourself with a **backtracking** algorithm — **do not** call Python's `re` module.

```python
def fullmatch(pattern: str, text: str) -> bool:
    """Return True iff `pattern` matches the ENTIRE `text`."""
```

`fullmatch` is **anchored**: the pattern must consume the entire `text`, as if it
were wrapped in an implicit `^...$`. Matching only a prefix of `text` is **not**
a match.

## Supported syntax

An *element* is the smallest matchable unit. It is one of:

- A **literal character** — matches exactly itself (e.g. `a` matches `"a"`).
- `.` — matches **any single character**.
- An **escaped character** `\x` — the backslash strips any special meaning from
  the next character, which then matches **literally**. So `\.` matches a literal
  `.`, `\*` a literal `*`, `\\` a literal backslash, `\[` a literal `[`. Escaping
  an ordinary character (e.g. `\a`) just matches that character.
- A **character class** `[...]`:
  - `[abc]` matches any **one** of the listed characters.
  - `[^abc]` matches any one character **not** listed (a *negated* class). The `^`
    is special only as the **first** character inside the brackets.
  - **Ranges** like `[a-z]`, `[0-9]`, `[A-Za-z0-9]` match any character whose code
    point falls in the (inclusive) range.
  - A `-` that appears **first or last** inside the class (right after `[` or
    `[^`, or right before `]`) is a **literal** `-`, not a range.
  - A class always matches **exactly one** character of `text` (so a class can
    never match against the empty string at a position).

## Quantifiers

A quantifier applies to the **single preceding element**:

- `*` — **zero or more** of the preceding element.
- `+` — **one or more** of the preceding element.
- `?` — **zero or one** of the preceding element.

Quantifiers are **greedy**: they consume as many repetitions as possible, but they
**must backtrack** — giving repetitions back one at a time — so that the rest of
the pattern can still match and the **whole** text can be consumed.

A quantifier always binds to the whole element immediately to its left, where an
element is a literal char, an escaped char `\x`, `.`, or an entire `[...]` class.
For example, in `a[0-9]*b` the `*` applies to the class `[0-9]`, and in `\.*` the
`*` applies to the escaped literal dot.

## Not supported

There are **no** groups `(...)` and **no** alternation `|`. You do not need to
handle them.

## Semantics / edge cases

- The **empty pattern** matches **only** the empty string.
- `a*` matches `""` (zero repetitions). `a+` does **not** match `""`.
- Greedy backtracking: `a*a` matches `"aaa"` — the `*` first grabs all three
  `a`s, then gives one back so the trailing `a` can match.
- `.*` matches **anything** (including `""`); `.+` matches any non-empty string.
- Anchoring: `a` does **not** match `"ab"` (trailing `b` unconsumed), and `b` does
  not match `"ab"` (leading `a` unconsumed).

## Worked example

```python
assert fullmatch("a*a", "aaa") is True      # '*' backtracks, gives back one 'a'
assert fullmatch("a+", "") is False         # '+' needs at least one
assert fullmatch("a?b", "b") is True        # '?' matches zero
assert fullmatch("[a-z]+[0-9]*", "abc12") is True
assert fullmatch("[^0-9]+", "abc") is True  # negated class
assert fullmatch("h\\.t", "h.t") is True    # escaped dot is literal
assert fullmatch("h.t", "hat") is True      # '.' matches any char
assert fullmatch("a.c", "ac") is False      # '.' needs one char
assert fullmatch("colou?r", "color") is True
assert fullmatch("", "") is True
assert fullmatch("", "x") is False
```

from solution import fullmatch


def test_empty_pattern_matches_only_empty():
    assert fullmatch("", "") is True
    assert fullmatch("", "x") is False
    assert fullmatch("", "abc") is False


def test_plain_literals():
    assert fullmatch("abc", "abc") is True
    assert fullmatch("abc", "abd") is False
    assert fullmatch("a", "a") is True
    assert fullmatch("a", "") is False


def test_anchoring_requires_full_consume():
    # leading and trailing extra chars must cause failure
    assert fullmatch("a", "ab") is False
    assert fullmatch("b", "ab") is False
    assert fullmatch("ab", "abc") is False
    assert fullmatch("bc", "abc") is False
    assert fullmatch("abc", "ab") is False


def test_dot_matches_any_single_char():
    assert fullmatch("h.t", "hat") is True
    assert fullmatch("h.t", "h9t") is True
    assert fullmatch(".", "x") is True
    assert fullmatch(".", "") is False     # needs exactly one char
    assert fullmatch("a.c", "ac") is False  # dot must consume one
    assert fullmatch("...", "abc") is True
    assert fullmatch("...", "ab") is False


def test_star_zero_or_more():
    assert fullmatch("a*", "") is True
    assert fullmatch("a*", "a") is True
    assert fullmatch("a*", "aaaa") is True
    assert fullmatch("a*", "aaab") is False
    assert fullmatch("ba*", "b") is True
    assert fullmatch("ba*c", "bc") is True
    assert fullmatch("ba*c", "baaac") is True


def test_plus_one_or_more():
    assert fullmatch("a+", "") is False
    assert fullmatch("a+", "a") is True
    assert fullmatch("a+", "aaa") is True
    assert fullmatch("a+", "aaab") is False
    assert fullmatch("ba+c", "bac") is True
    assert fullmatch("ba+c", "bc") is False


def test_question_zero_or_one():
    assert fullmatch("a?", "") is True
    assert fullmatch("a?", "a") is True
    assert fullmatch("a?", "aa") is False
    assert fullmatch("colou?r", "color") is True
    assert fullmatch("colou?r", "colour") is True
    assert fullmatch("colou?r", "colouur") is False
    assert fullmatch("a?b", "b") is True
    assert fullmatch("a?b", "ab") is True


def test_greedy_backtracking_star():
    # '*' must give characters back so the trailing 'a' can match
    assert fullmatch("a*a", "aaa") is True
    assert fullmatch("a*a", "a") is True
    assert fullmatch("a*a", "") is False     # need at least one 'a'
    assert fullmatch("a*ab", "aaab") is True
    assert fullmatch("a*ab", "ab") is True


def test_dotstar_matches_anything():
    assert fullmatch(".*", "") is True
    assert fullmatch(".*", "anything at all 123 !@#") is True
    assert fullmatch(".+", "") is False
    assert fullmatch(".+", "x") is True
    # backtracking through dot-star
    assert fullmatch(".*b", "aaabxb") is True
    assert fullmatch(".*b", "aaabx") is False


def test_dotstar_backtracking_with_suffix():
    assert fullmatch("a.*z", "az") is True
    assert fullmatch("a.*z", "abcz") is True
    assert fullmatch("a.*z", "abc") is False
    assert fullmatch("x.*y.*z", "xyz") is True
    assert fullmatch("x.*y.*z", "x111y222z") is True


def test_char_class_basic():
    assert fullmatch("[abc]", "a") is True
    assert fullmatch("[abc]", "b") is True
    assert fullmatch("[abc]", "c") is True
    assert fullmatch("[abc]", "d") is False
    assert fullmatch("[abc]", "") is False
    assert fullmatch("[abc]", "ab") is False  # class matches exactly one


def test_char_class_ranges():
    assert fullmatch("[a-z]", "m") is True
    assert fullmatch("[a-z]", "M") is False
    assert fullmatch("[0-9]", "7") is True
    assert fullmatch("[0-9]", "a") is False
    assert fullmatch("[A-Za-z0-9]", "Q") is True
    assert fullmatch("[A-Za-z0-9]", "q") is True
    assert fullmatch("[A-Za-z0-9]", "5") is True
    assert fullmatch("[A-Za-z0-9]", "_") is False


def test_char_class_with_quantifiers():
    assert fullmatch("[a-z]+", "hello") is True
    assert fullmatch("[a-z]+", "Hello") is False
    assert fullmatch("[a-z]+[0-9]*", "abc12") is True
    assert fullmatch("[a-z]+[0-9]*", "abc") is True
    assert fullmatch("[a-z]+[0-9]*", "123") is False
    assert fullmatch("[0-9]*", "") is True


def test_negated_char_class():
    assert fullmatch("[^0-9]", "a") is True
    assert fullmatch("[^0-9]", "5") is False
    assert fullmatch("[^0-9]+", "abc") is True
    assert fullmatch("[^0-9]+", "ab3c") is False
    assert fullmatch("[^abc]", "d") is True
    assert fullmatch("[^abc]", "a") is False


def test_literal_dash_in_class():
    # '-' first or last in the class is a literal dash
    assert fullmatch("[-a]", "-") is True
    assert fullmatch("[-a]", "a") is True
    assert fullmatch("[a-]", "-") is True
    assert fullmatch("[a-]", "a") is True
    assert fullmatch("[a-]", "b") is False
    # literal dash in a negated class
    assert fullmatch("[^-]", "-") is False
    assert fullmatch("[^-]", "x") is True


def test_escaped_metacharacters():
    assert fullmatch("h\\.t", "h.t") is True
    assert fullmatch("h\\.t", "hat") is False   # escaped dot is literal
    assert fullmatch("a\\*b", "a*b") is True
    assert fullmatch("a\\*b", "aab") is False
    assert fullmatch("a\\\\b", "a\\b") is True   # \\ -> literal backslash
    assert fullmatch("\\[x\\]", "[x]") is True
    assert fullmatch("a\\+", "a+") is True
    assert fullmatch("a\\?", "a?") is True


def test_escaped_element_with_quantifier():
    # quantifier applies to the escaped element
    assert fullmatch("\\.*", "") is True
    assert fullmatch("\\.*", "...") is True
    assert fullmatch("\\.*", ".a.") is False
    assert fullmatch("\\*+", "***") is True
    assert fullmatch("\\*+", "") is False


def test_combined_realistic_patterns():
    # identifier-ish: letter then letters/digits/underscore-via-class
    assert fullmatch("[a-z][a-z0-9]*", "x") is True
    assert fullmatch("[a-z][a-z0-9]*", "var123") is True
    assert fullmatch("[a-z][a-z0-9]*", "1var") is False
    # crude decimal: digits . digits
    assert fullmatch("[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+", "3.14") is True
    assert fullmatch("[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+", "3.") is False
    assert fullmatch("[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+", ".14") is False
    assert fullmatch("[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+", "10.005") is True


def test_clear_non_matches():
    assert fullmatch("abc", "") is False
    assert fullmatch("a+b+", "aaa") is False
    assert fullmatch("[xyz]+", "xya") is False
    assert fullmatch("a.c.e", "abcd") is False
    assert fullmatch("a*b*c*", "cba") is False

You are an expert programmer. Solve the task exactly as specified. Output your solution as fenced code blocks using the required file name(s) and the exact function/type signatures requested. Prefer correctness; do not include prose outside code unless asked.

```python
def fullmatch(pattern: str, text: str) -> bool:
    """Return True iff `pattern` matches the ENTIRE `text`."""
    def match_pattern(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:
        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):
            return True
        if p_idx == len(pattern):
            return False
        if t_idx == len(text):
            return False

        p_char = pattern[p_idx]
        if p_char == '.':
            return match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)
        elif p_char == '[':
            return match_class(p_idx, t_idx)
        elif p_char == '\\':
            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):
                return False
            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]
            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:
                return match_pattern(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)
            else:
                return False
        else:
            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:
                return match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)
            else:
                return False

    def match_class(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:
        if t_idx >= len(text):
            return False
        p_idx += 1
        if p_idx >= len(pattern):
            return False
        negate = False
        if pattern[p_idx] == '^':
            negate = True
            p_idx += 1
        if p_idx >= len(pattern):
            return False
        if pattern[p_idx] == ']':
            return False
        chars = set()
        i = p_idx
        while i < len(pattern) and pattern[i] != ']':
            if i + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[i + 1] == '-':
                if i + 2 >= len(pattern) or pattern[i + 2] == ']':
                    chars.add(pattern[i])
                    i += 1
                else:
                    start = pattern[i]
                    end = pattern[i + 2]
                    if start > end:
                        return False
                    for c in range(ord(start), ord(end) + 1):
                        chars.add(chr(c))
                    i += 3
            else:
                chars.add(pattern[i])
                i += 1
        if i >= len(pattern) or pattern[i] != ']':
            return False
        p_idx = i + 1
        if t_idx >= len(text):
            return False
        if (text[t_idx] in chars) != negate:
            return match_pattern(p_idx, t_idx + 1)
        else:
            return False

    def match_quantifier(p_idx: int, t_idx: int, quant: str) -> bool:
        if quant == '*':
            if match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx):
                return True
            while t_idx < len(text):
                if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):
                    break
                t_idx += 1
                if match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx):
                    return True
            return False
        elif quant == '+':
            if t_idx >= len(text):
                return False
            if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):
                return False
            t_idx += 1
            if match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx):
                return True
            while t_idx < len(text):
                if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):
                    break
                t_idx += 1
                if match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx):
                    return True
            return False
        elif quant == '?':
            if match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx):
                return True
            if t_idx < len(text) and match_element(p_idx, t_idx):
                return match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)
            return False
        else:
            return False

    def match_element(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:
        if p_idx >= len(pattern):
            return False
        p_char = pattern[p_idx]
        if p_char == '.':
            if t_idx < len(text):
                return True
            else:
                return False
        elif p_char == '[':
            if t_idx >= len(text):
                return False
            p_idx += 1
            if p_idx >= len(pattern):
                return False
            negate = False
            if pattern[p_idx] == '^':
                negate = True
                p_idx += 1
            if p_idx >= len(pattern):
                return False
            if pattern[p_idx] == ']':
                return False
            chars = set()
            i = p_idx
            while i < len(pattern) and pattern[i] != ']':
                if i + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[i + 1] == '-':
                    if i + 2 >= len(pattern) or pattern[i + 2] == ']':
                        chars.add(pattern[i])
                        i += 1
                    else:
                        start = pattern[i]
                        end = pattern[i + 2]
                        if start > end:
                            return False
                        for c in range(ord(start), ord(end) + 1):
                            chars.add(chr(c))
                        i += 3
                else:
                    chars.add(pattern[i])
                    i += 1
            if i >= len(pattern) or pattern[i] != ']':
                return False
            if t_idx < len(text) and ((text[t_idx] in chars) != negate):
                return True
            else:
                return False
        elif p_char == '\\':
            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):
                return False
            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]
            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:
                return True
            else:
                return False
        else:
            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:
                return True
            else:
                return False

    def parse_pattern(p_idx: int) -> int:
        if p_idx >= len(pattern):
            return p_idx
        p_char = pattern[p_idx]
        if p_char in ['.', '[', '\\']:
            return p_idx + 1
        elif p_char == '(':
            return p_idx + 1
        else:
            return p_idx + 1

    def backtrack(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:
        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):
            return True
        if p_idx >= len(pattern) or t_idx >= len(text):
            return False
        p_char = pattern[p_idx]
        if p_char in ['*', '+', '?']:
            return False
        if p_char == '.':
            return backtrack(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)
        elif p_char == '[':
            return match_class(p_idx, t_idx)
        elif p_char == '\\':
            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):
                return False
            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]
            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:
                return backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)
            else:
                return False
        else:
            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:
                return backtrack(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)
            else:
                return False

    def match(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:
        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):
            return True
        if p_idx >= len(pattern) or t_idx >= len(text):
            return False
        p_char = pattern[p_idx]
        if p_char == '.':
            return match(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)
        elif p_char == '[':
            return match_class(p_idx, t_idx)
        elif p_char == '\\':
            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):
                return False
            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]
            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:
                return match(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)
            else:
                return False
        else:
            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:
                return match(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)
            else:
                return False

    def match_with_quantifier(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:
        if p_idx >= len(pattern):
            return False
        p_char = pattern[p_idx]
        if p_char in ['*', '+', '?']:
            return False
        if p_idx + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[p_idx + 1] in ['*', '+', '?']:
            quant = pattern[p_idx + 1]
            if quant == '*':
                if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):
                    return True
                while t_idx < len(text):
                    if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):
                        break
                    t_idx += 1
                    if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):
                        return True
                return False
            elif quant == '+':
                if t_idx >= len(text):
                    return False
                if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):
                    return False
                t_idx += 1
                if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):
                    return True
                while t_idx < len(text):
                    if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):
                        break
                    t_idx += 1
                    if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):
                        return True
                return False
            elif quant == '?':
                if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):
                    return True
                if t_idx < len(text) and match_element(p_idx, t_idx):
                    return match(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)
                return False
        else:
            return match(p_idx, t_idx)

    def full_match(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:
        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):
            return True
        if p_idx >= len(pattern) or t_idx >= len(text):
            return False
        p_char = pattern[p_idx]
        if p_char in ['*', '+', '?']:
            return False
        if p_char == '.':
            return full_match(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)
        elif p_char == '[':
            return match_class(p_idx, t_idx)
        elif p_char == '\\':
            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):
                return False
            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]
            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:
                return full_match(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)
            else:
                return False
        else:
            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:
                return full_match(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)
            else:
                return False

    def match_pattern_with_backtrack(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:
        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):
            return True
        if p_idx >= len(pattern) or t_idx >= len(text):
            return False
        p_char = pattern[p_idx]
        if p_char == '.':
            return match_pattern_with_backtrack(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)
        elif p_char == '[':
            return match_class(p_idx, t_idx)
        elif p_char == '\\':
            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):
                return False
            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]
            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:
                return match_pattern_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)
            else:
                return False
        else:
            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:
                return match_pattern_with_backtrack(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)
            else:
                return False

    def match_with_backtrack(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:
        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):
            return True
        if p_idx >= len(pattern) or t_idx >= len(text):
            return False
        p_char = pattern[p_idx]
        if p_char in ['*', '+', '?']:
            return False
        if p_idx + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[p_idx + 1] in ['*', '+', '?']:
            quant = pattern[p_idx + 1]
            if quant == '*':
                if match_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx):
                    return True
                while t_idx < len(text):
                    if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):
                        break
                    t_idx += 1
                    if match_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx):
                        return True
                return False
            elif quant == '+':
                if t_idx >= len(text):
                    return False
                if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):
                    return False
                t_idx += 1
                if match_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx):
                    return True
                while t_idx < len(text):
                    if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):
                        break
                    t_idx += 1
                    if match_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx):
                        return True
                return False
            elif quant == '?':
                if match_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx):
                    return True
                if t_idx < len(text) and match_element(p_idx, t_idx):
                    return match_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)
                return False
        else:
            return match_pattern_with_backtrack(p_idx, t_idx)

    return match_with_backtrack(0, 0)
```

[
  {
    "total": 19,
    "answer": "```python\ndef fullmatch(pattern: str, text: str) -> bool:\n    \"\"\"Return True iff `pattern` matches the ENTIRE `text`.\"\"\"\n    def match_pattern(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):\n            return True\n        if p_idx == len(pattern):\n            return False\n        if t_idx == len(text):\n            return False\n\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char == '.':\n            return match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n        elif p_char == '[':\n            return match_class(p_idx, t_idx)\n        elif p_char == '\\\\':\n            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:\n                return match_pattern(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n        else:\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:\n                return match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n\n    def match_class(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if t_idx >= len(text):\n            return False\n        p_idx += 1\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return False\n        negate = False\n        if pattern[p_idx] == '^':\n            negate = True\n            p_idx += 1\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return False\n        if pattern[p_idx] == ']':\n            return False\n        chars = set()\n        i = p_idx\n        while i < len(pattern) and pattern[i] != ']':\n            if i + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[i + 1] == '-':\n                if i + 2 >= len(pattern) or pattern[i + 2] == ']':\n                    chars.add(pattern[i])\n                    i += 1\n                else:\n                    start = pattern[i]\n                    end = pattern[i + 2]\n                    if start > end:\n                        return False\n                    for c in range(ord(start), ord(end) + 1):\n                        chars.add(chr(c))\n                    i += 3\n            else:\n                chars.add(pattern[i])\n                i += 1\n        if i >= len(pattern) or pattern[i] != ']':\n            return False\n        p_idx = i + 1\n        if t_idx >= len(text):\n            return False\n        if (text[t_idx] in chars) != negate:\n            return match_pattern(p_idx, t_idx + 1)\n        else:\n            return False\n\n    def match_quantifier(p_idx: int, t_idx: int, quant: str) -> bool:\n        if quant == '*':\n            if match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx):\n                return True\n            while t_idx < len(text):\n                if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                    break\n                t_idx += 1\n                if match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx):\n                    return True\n            return False\n        elif quant == '+':\n            if t_idx >= len(text):\n                return False\n            if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                return False\n            t_idx += 1\n            if match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx):\n                return True\n            while t_idx < len(text):\n                if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                    break\n                t_idx += 1\n                if match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx):\n                    return True\n            return False\n        elif quant == '?':\n            if match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx):\n                return True\n            if t_idx < len(text) and match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                return match_pattern(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n            return False\n        else:\n            return False\n\n    def match_element(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return False\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char == '.':\n            if t_idx < len(text):\n                return True\n            else:\n                return False\n        elif p_char == '[':\n            if t_idx >= len(text):\n                return False\n            p_idx += 1\n            if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            negate = False\n            if pattern[p_idx] == '^':\n                negate = True\n                p_idx += 1\n            if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            if pattern[p_idx] == ']':\n                return False\n            chars = set()\n            i = p_idx\n            while i < len(pattern) and pattern[i] != ']':\n                if i + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[i + 1] == '-':\n                    if i + 2 >= len(pattern) or pattern[i + 2] == ']':\n                        chars.add(pattern[i])\n                        i += 1\n                    else:\n                        start = pattern[i]\n                        end = pattern[i + 2]\n                        if start > end:\n                            return False\n                        for c in range(ord(start), ord(end) + 1):\n                            chars.add(chr(c))\n                        i += 3\n                else:\n                    chars.add(pattern[i])\n                    i += 1\n            if i >= len(pattern) or pattern[i] != ']':\n                return False\n            if t_idx < len(text) and ((text[t_idx] in chars) != negate):\n                return True\n            else:\n                return False\n        elif p_char == '\\\\':\n            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:\n                return True\n            else:\n                return False\n        else:\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:\n                return True\n            else:\n                return False\n\n    def parse_pattern(p_idx: int) -> int:\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return p_idx\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char in ['.', '[', '\\\\']:\n            return p_idx + 1\n        elif p_char == '(':\n            return p_idx + 1\n        else:\n            return p_idx + 1\n\n    def backtrack(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):\n            return True\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern) or t_idx >= len(text):\n            return False\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char in ['*', '+', '?']:\n            return False\n        if p_char == '.':\n            return backtrack(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n        elif p_char == '[':\n            return match_class(p_idx, t_idx)\n        elif p_char == '\\\\':\n            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:\n                return backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n        else:\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:\n                return backtrack(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n\n    def match(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):\n            return True\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern) or t_idx >= len(text):\n            return False\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char == '.':\n            return match(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n        elif p_char == '[':\n            return match_class(p_idx, t_idx)\n        elif p_char == '\\\\':\n            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:\n                return match(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n        else:\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:\n                return match(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n\n    def match_with_quantifier(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return False\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char in ['*', '+', '?']:\n            return False\n        if p_idx + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[p_idx + 1] in ['*', '+', '?']:\n            quant = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if quant == '*':\n                if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                    return True\n                while t_idx < len(text):\n                    if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                        break\n                    t_idx += 1\n                    if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                        return True\n                return False\n            elif quant == '+':\n                if t_idx >= len(text):\n                    return False\n                if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                    return False\n                t_idx += 1\n                if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                    return True\n                while t_idx < len(text):\n                    if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                        break\n                    t_idx += 1\n                    if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                        return True\n                return False\n            elif quant == '?':\n                if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                    return True\n                if t_idx < len(text) and match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                    return match(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)\n                return False\n        else:\n            return match(p_idx, t_idx)\n\n    def full_match(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):\n            return True\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern) or t_idx >= len(text):\n            return False\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char in ['*', '+', '?']:\n            return False\n        if p_char == '.':\n            return full_match(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n        elif p_char == '[':\n            return match_class(p_idx, t_idx)\n        elif p_char == '\\\\':\n            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:\n                return full_match(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n        else:\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:\n                return full_match(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n\n    def match_pattern_with_backtrack(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):\n            return True\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern) or t_idx >= len(text):\n            return False\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char == '.':\n            return match_pattern_with_backtrack(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n        elif p_char == '[':\n            return match_class(p_idx, t_idx)\n        elif p_char == '\\\\':\n            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:\n                return match_pattern_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n        else:\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:\n                return match_pattern_with_backtrack(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n\n    def match_with_backtrack(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):\n            return True\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern) or t_idx >= len(text):\n            return False\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char in ['*', '+', '?']:\n            return False\n        if p_idx + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[p_idx + 1] in ['*', '+', '?']:\n            quant = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if quant == '*':\n                if match_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                    return True\n                while t_idx < len(text):\n                    if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                        break\n                    t_idx += 1\n                    if match_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                        return True\n                return False\n            elif quant == '+':\n                if t_idx >= len(text):\n                    return False\n                if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                    return False\n                t_idx += 1\n                if match_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                    return True\n                while t_idx < len(text):\n                    if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                        break\n                    t_idx += 1\n                    if match_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                        return True\n                return False\n            elif quant == '?':\n                if match_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                    return True\n                if t_idx < len(text) and match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                    return match_with_backtrack(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)\n                return False\n        else:\n            return match_pattern_with_backtrack(p_idx, t_idx)\n\n    return match_with_backtrack(0, 0)\n```",
    "passed": 10,
    "test_error": "ert fullmatch(\"a.*z\", \"az\") is True\nE       AssertionError: assert False is True\nE        +  where False = fullmatch('a.*z', 'az')\n\ntest_regex_engine.py:86: AssertionError\n_______________________ test_char_class_with_quantifiers _______________________\n\n    def test_char_class_with_quantifiers():\n>       assert fullmatch(\"[a-z]+\", \"hello\") is True\nE       AssertionError: assert False is True\nE        +  where False = fullmatch('[a-z]+', 'hello')\n\ntest_regex_engine.py:114: AssertionError\n___________________________ test_negated_char_class ____________________________\n\n    def test_negated_char_class():\n        assert fullmatch(\"[^0-9]\", \"a\") is True\n        assert fullmatch(\"[^0-9]\", \"5\") is False\n>       assert fullmatch(\"[^0-9]+\", \"abc\") is True\nE       AssertionError: assert False is True\nE        +  where False = fullmatch('[^0-9]+', 'abc')\n\ntest_regex_engine.py:125: AssertionError\n_____________________ test_escaped_element_with_quantifier _____________________\n\n    def test_escaped_element_with_quantifier():\n        # quantifier applies to the escaped element\n>       assert fullmatch(\"\\\\.*\", \"\") is True\nE       AssertionError: assert False is True\nE        +  where False = fullmatch('\\\\.*', '')\n\ntest_regex_engine.py:156: AssertionError\n_______________________ test_combined_realistic_patterns _______________________\n\n    def test_combined_realistic_patterns():\n        # identifier-ish: letter then letters/digits/underscore-via-class\n>       assert fullmatch(\"[a-z][a-z0-9]*\", \"x\") is True\nE       AssertionError: assert False is True\nE        +  where False = fullmatch('[a-z][a-z0-9]*', 'x')\n\ntest_regex_engine.py:165: AssertionError\n=========================== short test summary info ============================\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_star_zero_or_more - AssertionError: assert ...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_plus_one_or_more - AssertionError: assert F...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_question_zero_or_one - AssertionError: asse...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_dotstar_matches_anything - AssertionError: ...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_dotstar_backtracking_with_suffix - Assertio...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_char_class_with_quantifiers - AssertionErro...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_negated_char_class - AssertionError: assert...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_escaped_element_with_quantifier - Assertion...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_combined_realistic_patterns - AssertionErro...\n9 failed, 10 passed in 0.05s"
  },
  {
    "total": 19,
    "answer": "```python\ndef fullmatch(pattern: str, text: str) -> bool:\n    \"\"\"Return True iff `pattern` matches the ENTIRE `text`.\"\"\"\n    def match(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):\n            return True\n        if p_idx == len(pattern):\n            return False\n        if t_idx == len(text):\n            return False\n\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char == '.':\n            return match(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n        elif p_char == '[':\n            return match_class(p_idx, t_idx)\n        elif p_char == '\\\\':\n            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:\n                return match(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n        else:\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:\n                return match(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n\n    def match_class(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if t_idx >= len(text):\n            return False\n        p_idx += 1\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return False\n        negate = False\n        if pattern[p_idx] == '^':\n            negate = True\n            p_idx += 1\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return False\n        if pattern[p_idx] == ']':\n            return False\n        chars = set()\n        i = p_idx\n        while i < len(pattern) and pattern[i] != ']':\n            if i + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[i + 1] == '-':\n                if i + 2 >= len(pattern) or pattern[i + 2] == ']':\n                    chars.add(pattern[i])\n                    i += 1\n                else:\n                    start = pattern[i]\n                    end = pattern[i + 2]\n                    if start > end:\n                        return False\n                    for c in range(ord(start), ord(end) + 1):\n                        chars.add(chr(c))\n                    i += 3\n            else:\n                chars.add(pattern[i])\n                i += 1\n        if i >= len(pattern) or pattern[i] != ']':\n            return False\n        p_idx = i + 1\n        if t_idx >= len(text):\n            return False\n        if (text[t_idx] in chars) != negate:\n            return match(p_idx, t_idx + 1)\n        else:\n            return False\n\n    def match_element(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return False\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char == '.':\n            if t_idx < len(text):\n                return True\n            else:\n                return False\n        elif p_char == '[':\n            if t_idx >= len(text):\n                return False\n            p_idx += 1\n            if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            negate = False\n            if pattern[p_idx] == '^':\n                negate = True\n                p_idx += 1\n            if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            if pattern[p_idx] == ']':\n                return False\n            chars = set()\n            i = p_idx\n            while i < len(pattern) and pattern[i] != ']':\n                if i + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[i + 1] == '-':\n                    if i + 2 >= len(pattern) or pattern[i + 2] == ']':\n                        chars.add(pattern[i])\n                        i += 1\n                    else:\n                        start = pattern[i]\n                        end = pattern[i + 2]\n                        if start > end:\n                            return False\n                        for c in range(ord(start), ord(end) + 1):\n                            chars.add(chr(c))\n                        i += 3\n                else:\n                    chars.add(pattern[i])\n                    i += 1\n            if i >= len(pattern) or pattern[i] != ']':\n                return False\n            if t_idx < len(text) and ((text[t_idx] in chars) != negate):\n                return True\n            else:\n                return False\n        elif p_char == '\\\\':\n            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:\n                return True\n            else:\n                return False\n        else:\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:\n                return True\n            else:\n                return False\n\n    def match_with_quantifier(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return False\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char in ['*', '+', '?']:\n            return False\n        if p_idx + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[p_idx + 1] in ['*', '+', '?']:\n            quant = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if quant == '*':\n                if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                    return True\n                while t_idx < len(text):\n                    if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                        break\n                    t_idx += 1\n                    if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                        return True\n                return False\n            elif quant == '+':\n                if t_idx >= len(text):\n                    return False\n                if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                    return False\n                t_idx += 1\n                if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                    return True\n                while t_idx < len(text):\n                    if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                        break\n                    t_idx += 1\n                    if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                        return True\n                return False\n            elif quant == '?':\n                if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                    return True\n                if t_idx < len(text) and match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                    return match(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)\n                return False\n        else:\n            return match(p_idx, t_idx)\n\n    return match_with_quantifier(0, 0)\n```",
    "passed": 10,
    "test_error": "ert fullmatch(\"a.*z\", \"az\") is True\nE       AssertionError: assert False is True\nE        +  where False = fullmatch('a.*z', 'az')\n\ntest_regex_engine.py:86: AssertionError\n_______________________ test_char_class_with_quantifiers _______________________\n\n    def test_char_class_with_quantifiers():\n>       assert fullmatch(\"[a-z]+\", \"hello\") is True\nE       AssertionError: assert False is True\nE        +  where False = fullmatch('[a-z]+', 'hello')\n\ntest_regex_engine.py:114: AssertionError\n___________________________ test_negated_char_class ____________________________\n\n    def test_negated_char_class():\n        assert fullmatch(\"[^0-9]\", \"a\") is True\n        assert fullmatch(\"[^0-9]\", \"5\") is False\n>       assert fullmatch(\"[^0-9]+\", \"abc\") is True\nE       AssertionError: assert False is True\nE        +  where False = fullmatch('[^0-9]+', 'abc')\n\ntest_regex_engine.py:125: AssertionError\n_____________________ test_escaped_element_with_quantifier _____________________\n\n    def test_escaped_element_with_quantifier():\n        # quantifier applies to the escaped element\n>       assert fullmatch(\"\\\\.*\", \"\") is True\nE       AssertionError: assert False is True\nE        +  where False = fullmatch('\\\\.*', '')\n\ntest_regex_engine.py:156: AssertionError\n_______________________ test_combined_realistic_patterns _______________________\n\n    def test_combined_realistic_patterns():\n        # identifier-ish: letter then letters/digits/underscore-via-class\n>       assert fullmatch(\"[a-z][a-z0-9]*\", \"x\") is True\nE       AssertionError: assert False is True\nE        +  where False = fullmatch('[a-z][a-z0-9]*', 'x')\n\ntest_regex_engine.py:165: AssertionError\n=========================== short test summary info ============================\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_empty_pattern_matches_only_empty - Assertio...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_star_zero_or_more - AssertionError: assert ...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_plus_one_or_more - AssertionError: assert F...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_question_zero_or_one - AssertionError: asse...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_dotstar_backtracking_with_suffix - Assertio...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_char_class_with_quantifiers - AssertionErro...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_negated_char_class - AssertionError: assert...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_escaped_element_with_quantifier - Assertion...\nFAILED test_regex_engine.py::test_combined_realistic_patterns - AssertionErro...\n9 failed, 10 passed in 0.06s"
  },
  {
    "total": 19,
    "answer": "```python\ndef fullmatch(pattern: str, text: str) -> bool:\n    \"\"\"Return True iff `pattern` matches the ENTIRE `text`.\"\"\"\n    def match(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx == len(pattern) and t_idx == len(text):\n            return True\n        if p_idx == len(pattern):\n            return False\n        if t_idx == len(text):\n            return False\n\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char == '.':\n            return match(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n        elif p_char == '[':\n            return match_class(p_idx, t_idx)\n        elif p_char == '\\\\':\n            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:\n                return match(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n        else:\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:\n                return match(p_idx + 1, t_idx + 1)\n            else:\n                return False\n\n    def match_class(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if t_idx >= len(text):\n            return False\n        p_idx += 1\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return False\n        negate = False\n        if pattern[p_idx] == '^':\n            negate = True\n            p_idx += 1\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return False\n        if pattern[p_idx] == ']':\n            return False\n        chars = set()\n        i = p_idx\n        while i < len(pattern) and pattern[i] != ']':\n            if i + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[i + 1] == '-':\n                if i + 2 >= len(pattern) or pattern[i + 2] == ']':\n                    chars.add(pattern[i])\n                    i += 1\n                else:\n                    start = pattern[i]\n                    end = pattern[i + 2]\n                    if start > end:\n                        return False\n                    for c in range(ord(start), ord(end) + 1):\n                        chars.add(chr(c))\n                    i += 3\n            else:\n                chars.add(pattern[i])\n                i += 1\n        if i >= len(pattern) or pattern[i] != ']':\n            return False\n        p_idx = i + 1\n        if t_idx >= len(text):\n            return False\n        if (text[t_idx] in chars) != negate:\n            return match(p_idx, t_idx + 1)\n        else:\n            return False\n\n    def match_element(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return False\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char == '.':\n            if t_idx < len(text):\n                return True\n            else:\n                return False\n        elif p_char == '[':\n            if t_idx >= len(text):\n                return False\n            p_idx += 1\n            if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            negate = False\n            if pattern[p_idx] == '^':\n                negate = True\n                p_idx += 1\n            if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            if pattern[p_idx] == ']':\n                return False\n            chars = set()\n            i = p_idx\n            while i < len(pattern) and pattern[i] != ']':\n                if i + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[i + 1] == '-':\n                    if i + 2 >= len(pattern) or pattern[i + 2] == ']':\n                        chars.add(pattern[i])\n                        i += 1\n                    else:\n                        start = pattern[i]\n                        end = pattern[i + 2]\n                        if start > end:\n                            return False\n                        for c in range(ord(start), ord(end) + 1):\n                            chars.add(chr(c))\n                        i += 3\n                else:\n                    chars.add(pattern[i])\n                    i += 1\n            if i >= len(pattern) or pattern[i] != ']':\n                return False\n            if t_idx < len(text) and ((text[t_idx] in chars) != negate):\n                return True\n            else:\n                return False\n        elif p_char == '\\\\':\n            if p_idx + 1 >= len(pattern):\n                return False\n            escaped_char = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == escaped_char:\n                return True\n            else:\n                return False\n        else:\n            if t_idx < len(text) and text[t_idx] == p_char:\n                return True\n            else:\n                return False\n\n    def match_with_quantifier(p_idx: int, t_idx: int) -> bool:\n        if p_idx >= len(pattern):\n            return False\n        p_char = pattern[p_idx]\n        if p_char in ['*', '+', '?']:\n            return False\n        if p_idx + 1 < len(pattern) and pattern[p_idx + 1] in ['*', '+', '?']:\n            quant = pattern[p_idx + 1]\n            if quant == '*':\n                if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                    return True\n                while t_idx < len(text):\n                    if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                        break\n                    t_idx += 1\n                    if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                        return True\n                return False\n            elif quant == '+':\n                if t_idx >= len(text):\n                    return False\n                if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                    return False\n                t_idx += 1\n                if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                    return True\n                while t_idx < len(text):\n                    if not match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                        break\n                    t_idx += 1\n                    if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                        return True\n                return False\n            elif quant == '?':\n                if match(p_idx + 2, t_idx):\n                    return True\n                if t_idx < len(text) and match_element(p_idx, t_idx):\n                    return match(p_idx + 2, t_idx + 1)\n                return False\n        else:\n            return match(p_idx, t_idx)\n\n    return match_with_quantifier(0, 0)\n```",
    "passed": 10,
    "test_error": ""
  }
]